Prepositions & Tag Questions

1. Bölüm

Prepositions: Genel Mantık ve Zaman Edatları

Preposition, cümledeki kelimeler arasında zaman, yer, yön, sebep ve ilişki kurar.

Prepositions Nedir?

Preposition, cümledeki kelimeler arasında ilişki kuran kelimedir. Türkçeye çoğu zaman ilgeç / edat olarak çevrilir. Preposition’lar bir kelimenin yerini, zamanını, yönünü, sebebini, ilişkisini veya hangi kelimeyle birlikte kullanıldığını gösterir.

in
on
at
during
for
from
to
with
about
of
by
until
since
over
under
between
among
into
out of
through
across
towards

İsimden önce

The book is on the table.Kitap masanın üstünde.

There is a picture on the wall.Duvarda bir resim var.

İsim grubundan önce

She is interested in modern art.Modern sanata ilgi duyuyor.

They talked about the new project.Yeni proje hakkında konuştular.

Fiilin -ing hâlinden önce

I am good at drawing.Çizim yapmakta iyiyim.

Thank you for helping me.Bana yardım ettiğin için teşekkür ederim.

Cümlecikten önce

I am worried about what he said.Onun söylediği şeyden endişeliyim.

She was not sure about where to go.Nereye gideceğinden emin değildi.

Preposition Cümlede Nerede Durur?

Preposition çoğu zaman tamamladığı kelimenin önünde bulunur. Ancak bazı soru cümlelerinde ve relative clause yapılarında preposition cümlenin sonunda kalabilir.

Who did you talk to?Kiminle konuştun?

Where are you coming from?Nereden geliyorsun?

This is the subject we argued about.Bu, hakkında tartıştığımız konu.

Prepositions of Time

Zaman anlatırken en çok kullanılan preposition’lar şunlardır:

at
in
on
after
before
around
between
from ... to
by
during
for
since
until / till
throughout
past
to

AT / IN / ON

AT

Genellikle kesin zaman noktaları için kullanılır.

at 3 o’clock, at noon, at night, at the weekend, at sunrise, at the moment, at present, at the age of 17

IN

Genellikle daha uzun zaman dilimleri için kullanılır.

in the morning, in May, in 1990, in the summer, in the past, in the future, in a few days

ON

Genellikle günler ve tarihler için kullanılır.

on Sunday, on Tuesdays, on Sunday evening, on 6 March, on Christmas Day, on my birthday

AT	IN	ON
at 3 o’clock	in the morning	on Sunday
at 10.30 a.m.	in the afternoon	on Tuesdays
at noon	in the evening	on Sunday evening
at night	in May	on weekdays
at dinner time	in 1990	on my wedding day
at bedtime	in the 1990s / in the sixties	on 25 December 2010
at the weekend	in the summer	on 6 March
at Christmas / Easter	in the Ice Age	on Christmas Day
at sunrise / at sunset	in the next century	on Independence Day
at the moment / at present	in the past / in the future	on New Year’s Eve
at the beginning / at the end	in a few days / in five minutes	on the first day of school

Morning / afternoon / evening / night: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, but at night. Önüne gün adı gelirse on kullanılır: on Sunday morning, on Friday night.

This / that / next / last gibi ifadelerden önce genellikle in / on / at kullanılmaz: last night, next week, this morning, last year.

Other Prepositions Showing Time

Preposition	Kullanım	Örnek
after	-den sonra	The shops open after nine o’clock.
before	-den önce	Please finish your homework before dinner.
around	civarında / yaklaşık	The programme starts around one o’clock.
between	iki zaman arasında	You can call me between 3 and 4.
from ... to	-den ... -e kadar	The course is from 9 to 11.
by	en geç / -e kadar	You must finish the report by Friday.
during	sırasında	Everybody must be quiet during the exam.
for	süre bildirir	I have lived here for ten years.
since	başlangıç noktası bildirir	I have lived here since 2016.
until / till	-e kadar	I waited until 5 o’clock.
throughout	boyunca / baştan sona	It rained throughout the day.
from now on	bundan sonra	From now on, I will be more careful.
past / to	saat anlatımı	It is half past four. / It is ten to nine.

Alıştırma 1in / on / at / —

We are going to be in Saroz ______ the weekend.
Selin and Ahmet are going to get married ______ a couple of days.
The dress I’m going to wear ______ Pat’s birthday is green.
Hulk was ______ home ______ last night.
Can you be more quiet? Everybody is sleeping ______ the moment.
Hans has a home office. That’s why he is ______ home ______ weekdays.
There was rain ______ our wedding day.
My son quit his job a month ago, and he is unemployed ______ present.
______ a few days, my mother will be back from her business trip.
These dresses were very fashionable ______ the 1980s.
The famous pop singer is giving a concert in Istanbul ______ Saturday.
I meet my high school friends ______ Wednesdays.
The baby sleeps for three hours ______ the afternoon.
______ the future, all the cars will be flying in the sky.
______ the age of 18, you are allowed to get your driving licence.
Please come home early ______ nights.

Alıştırma 1 Cevap Anahtarı

1. at2. in3. on4. at / —5. at6. at / on7. on8. at9. in10. in11. on12. on13. in14. in15. at16. at

Alıştırma 2Time prepositions

I’ve known him ______ thirty years; that means we have known each other ______ we were babies.
The employees in the factory work ______ 9 ______ 5 every day.
I told Martin to be in the office ______ 8 o’clock so that we could be there ______ the same time.
We started walking ______ 3 o’clock, and ______ then, we haven’t stopped for a minute.
Sheila starts running in the park ______ 10 in the morning. Five minutes earlier or later doesn’t matter.
Engin insisted on going to the party, but after his father’s rejection, he gave up ______ the end.
Don’t talk to me ______ the moment. I’m trying to concentrate on my work.
It is ______ 12 o’clock in the afternoon, and we have been waiting here ______ 3 hours.
We’ll be able to see the full moon ______ the end of this week.
Please be patient. The boy will bring the package ______ a minute.
Don’t shout! It is early ______ the morning.

Alıştırma 2 Cevap Anahtarı

1. for / since2. from / to3. at / at4. at / since5. around6. in7. at8. — / for9. at10. in11. in

2. Bölüm

Prepositions of Place & Movement

Yer edatları bir şeyin nerede olduğunu; hareket edatları ise nereye ve nasıl hareket ettiğini anlatır.

Yer Bildiren Preposition’lar

at
in
on
under
over
above
below
behind
in front of
next to
beside
between
among
around
near
close to
opposite
inside
outside
by
against
at the top of
at the bottom of
in the middle of

AT	IN	ON
at the bus stop	in Istanbul / in Paris	on the table / on the floor
at the cinema / theatre	in town	on the first / second floor
at school / work / university	in a room / building / park	on the wall
at the door	in the country	on the bus / train / plane
at the end of the street	in hospital / in prison	on the island
at the station / airport	in bed	on the beach / coast / farm
at the seaside	in a taxi / car	on the screen / platform
at the back of a queue	in the picture / photo	on the left / right
at the top of the stairs	in a book / newspaper	on the way / on page 10

AT

Genellikle bir noktayı, belirli bir yeri veya bir kurum/etkinlik yerini anlatır.

I’ll wait for you at the bus stop.Seni otobüs durağında bekleyeceğim.

IN

Genellikle bir yerin içinde olma fikrini verir.

The children are playing in the park.Çocuklar parkta oynuyor.

ON

Genellikle bir yüzeyin üstünde olma fikrini verir.

There is a glass on the table.Masanın üstünde bir bardak var.

In front of / in the front of

in front of the car: arabanın dışında, önünde
in the front of the car: arabanın içinde, ön tarafta

Diğer Yer Edatları

Preposition	Anlam	Örnek
in / inside	içinde	The flowers are in / inside the vase.
under	altında	The cat is under the chair.
over	üzerinde / üstünden	There is a bridge over the river.
above	yukarısında	The towels are above the washbasin.
below	aşağısında	The man is below the balcony.
behind	arkasında	The man is behind the bars.
in front of	önünde	The lady is standing in front of the car.
at the back of	arka tarafında	A student is sitting at the back of the classroom.
at the end of	sonunda / uç kısmında	A man is walking at the end of the street.
between	iki şey arasında	The swing is between the trees.
among	grup içinde / arasında	The house is among the pine trees.
around	etrafında	There are kids around the woman.
outside	dışında	The car is outside the gross market.
opposite	karşısında	The bank is opposite the market.
next to / beside	yanında	The child is next to / beside the woman.
against	dayalı / yaslanmış	The ladder is against the wall.
by	yanında / yakınında	The nurse is sitting by the bed.
near / close to	yakınında	The university is near / close to my house.
on top of	tepesinde	There is a wolf on top of the mountain.
from	-den / -dan	She is from India.
aboard	gemide / taşıtta	The crew is aboard the ship.
on / at the corner	köşede	The house is on / at the corner.
at the top / bottom of	üst / alt kısmında	The seal is at the top / bottom of the paper.
in the middle of	ortasında	There is a deer in the middle of the road.

Prepositions of Movement

Preposition	Anlam	Örnek
up	yukarı doğru	He is running up the stairs.
down	aşağı doğru	She is walking down the stairs.
across	bir taraftan diğer tarafa	She is walking across the street.
away from	uzaklaşmak	You must keep away from the dog.
towards	-e doğru	He is swimming towards the island.
past	yanından geçmek	The car is going past the house.
along	boyunca	He is driving along the motorway.
out of	içinden dışarı	The soldier has got out of the train.
over	üstünden	The helicopter is flying over the road.
through	içinden geçmek	The train is going through the tunnel.
into	dışarıdan içeriye	The frog is jumping into the river.
to	-e / -a doğru gitmek	The bus is going to İzmir.
off	taşıttan inmek	She got off the bus.

Taşıttan inmek: car / taxi için genellikle get out of; bus / train / plane için genellikle get off kullanılır.

Alıştırma 3in / on / at

Can you hear the voice? I think there is someone ______ the door.
These are my cousins ______ the picture.
Put the shopping bags ______ the back of the car.
There are some hotels and restaurants ______ the island. It is not isolated.
Derya wanted to leave ______ the middle of the conversation.
The boy standing ______ the photo is my son.
Lying ______ the sun for more than an hour is very dangerous.
The animals ______ the farm are freer than the ones in the zoo.
I met Susan ______ the way home.
I told Mary to wait for me ______ the bus stop.
I want to live ______ Bodrum for the rest of my life.
She read the information ______ a book.

Alıştırma 3 Cevap Anahtarı

1. at2. in3. in4. on5. in6. in7. in8. on9. on10. at11. in12. in

Alıştırma 4Correct choice

You can dive into / to the sea from the port.
Martha doesn’t want to live away from / off her family.
Run for your lives! The car is coming towards / across us.
The bride’s friends were dancing around / over her all night.
It has become dark. The bus is going through / along a tunnel.
There is a little cat on the top of / above the tree.
Sam is hiding behind / on the door.
Carl doesn’t want to sit next to / over his father at the cinema.
The parachute is flying over / on the bridge.
The mouse is running away / along from the cat.
Please put the tray at / from the table.
We’re very excited about the meeting because our new colleague is coming from / away Italy.

Alıştırma 4 Cevap Anahtarı

1. into2. from3. towards4. around5. through6. on the top of7. behind8. next to9. over10. away11. at12. from

3. Bölüm

Adjective + Preposition

Bazı sıfatlar belirli preposition’larla kullanılır. Bu yapılar kalıp olarak öğrenilmelidir.

Preposition’dan sonra fiil gelirse fiil -ing alır.

She is interested in learning English.İngilizce öğrenmeye ilgi duyuyor.

He is good at solving problems.Problem çözmede iyidir.

I am tired of waiting.Beklemekten sıkıldım.

TO ile kullanılan sıfatlar

kind / generous / rude / polite to somebody, equal to, subject to, sensitive to, identical to, inferior to, superior to, indifferent to, restricted to, relevant to, grateful to somebody for something, prior to, limited to, loyal to, married to, engaged to, opposed to, dedicated to, accustomed to

OF ile kullanılan sıfatlar

kind / generous / rude of somebody, afraid of, frightened of, proud of, ashamed of, jealous of, suspicious of, tired of, fond of, short of, full of, independent of, free of, capable of, sure of, typical of, aware of, conscious of, guilty of

AT ile kullanılan sıfatlar

angry at somebody, good at, bad at, disappointed at something, pleased at something, shocked at, surprised at, hopeless at, delighted at, lucky at, upset at something, amazed at

ABOUT ile kullanılan sıfatlar

anxious about, angry about, worried about, upset about something, excited about, pleased about, sure about, curious about, disappointed about, confused about, sorry about something

WITH ile kullanılan sıfatlar

angry with somebody, bored / fed up with, disappointed with somebody, pleased with, wrong with, familiar / acquainted with, busy with, covered with, honest with, content with, crowded with, impressed with, popular with, ill with, associated with, satisfied with, upset with

FOR ile kullanılan sıfatlar

anxious for, sorry for, famous for, eligible for, responsible for, eager for, fit for, late for, good for / bad for, suitable for

IN ile kullanılan sıfatlar

covered in, rich in, involved in, engaged in, interested in, deficient in, different in, dressed in

FROM / ON / BY ile kullanılan sıfatlar

different from, absent from, free from, tired from, separate from, far from; based on, keen on, dependent on / upon, reliant on / upon; frightened by, shocked by, surprised by, covered by, impressed by, fascinated by, upset by, amazed by

Birden Fazla Preposition Alabilen Sıfatlar

Yapı	Kullanım	Örnek
angry about something	bir olay veya durum hakkında kızgın olmak	Merlin was angry about not passing the driving test.
angry with / at someone	bir kişiye kızgın olmak	I was angry with / at the boy who hit my daughter.
responsible to someone	bir kişiye veya makama karşı sorumlu olmak	Henry is responsible to the sales manager.
responsible for something	bir işten veya durumdan sorumlu olmak	That lady is responsible for the cleaning of the house.
sorry about something	bir olay veya durum için üzgün olmak	Sally is very sorry about the argument.
sorry for doing something	bir şeyi yaptığı için üzgün olmak	I’m sorry for breaking your heart.
feel sorry for someone	birine acımak / biri için üzülmek	I felt very sorry for the little dog.
frightened of something	bir şeyden korkmak	Don’t be frightened of the cats.
frightened by something	bir şey tarafından korkutulmak	The driver was frightened by the dog.
disappointed with / about something	bir şeyden dolayı hayal kırıklığına uğramak	I’m disappointed with / about the ending of the book.
disappointed in someone	bir kişiden dolayı hayal kırıklığına uğramak	My teacher was disappointed in me.
of someone to do something	davranışın kişi hakkında yorum bildirmesi	It was really kind of George to help the old lady.
nice / kind / rude to someone	bir kişiye karşı davranış	You were very impolite to my friends.
amazed / shocked / surprised at or by	her ikisi de kullanılabilir	I was shocked at / by your rude remarks.

Alıştırma 5Adjective + preposition

It’s really stupid ______ him to eat that hamburger while he is on diet.
Carl is so afraid ______ the dark that he can never sleep alone.
Peter is tired ______ driving all the way from Istanbul to Antalya.
Selin was angry ______ me because I hadn’t called her for a long time.
Helen was very busy ______ her work.
I was frightened ______ the sound that the coffee machine did.
She is interested ______ photography.
Çeşme is famous ______ its nightlife.
I don’t want to be responsible ______ the mistakes others have made.
The twins are different ______ each other in behaviour.
I’m worried ______ the future of this company.
Beren is upset ______ not being able to go to her favourite singer’s concert.
Please be nice ______ everyone around you.
Yeliz is satisfied ______ the hard work of her employees.
Don’t be involved ______ such dangerous jobs.
Oh, I’m sorry ______ leaving the room like this.
Is Ayşe good ______ cooking?
It’s very clever ______ you to become a teacher.
Susan Sarandon is very angry ______ not being nominated for the best actress category.
Esra wants to get married ______ a rich young man.
You should be ashamed ______ yourself for being so selfish.

Alıştırma 5 Cevap Anahtarı

1. of2. of3. from4. with / at5. with6. by7. in8. for9. for10. from11. about12. about13. to14. with15. in16. for17. at18. of19. about20. to21. of

Alıştırma 6Adjective + preposition

Most people aren’t accustomed ______ working hard.
I am interested ______ studying management.
I’d like to be in charge ______ managing a company.
I am excited ______ taking classes at university.
He was found guilty ______ robbing the bank.
I am tired ______ hearing friends say that they can’t wait to leave home.
I am not used ______ doing the household chores.
My uncle was disappointed ______ my low grades.
Arnold was pleased ______ his new haircut.
His wife was worried ______ his not taking any exercise.
I was amazed ______ his story-telling abilities.
I’m tired ______ talking ______ history.
They were very kind ______ me when I needed help.
Are you good ______ remembering new words?
They should be ashamed ______ themselves for cheating us.
He is really disappointed ______ his new secretary.
Most of the students are absent ______ class today.
It was very kind ______ you to buy me such a wonderful present.
The shop was crowded ______ people.
I have been married ______ Kasia for over ten years.
It was very rude ______ you to make fun of me.
They are very keen ______ stamp collecting.
Their house is quite similar ______ ours.
Many people can be cruel ______ animals.
She is proud ______ her high mark on the exam.
He is quite jealous ______ his neighbour’s new car.
It was rather clever ______ Gregory to combine his business trip.
He’s become bored ______ his present job.
I’m afraid he is incapable ______ understanding the most basic concepts.
Mary! Don’t be rude ______ your sister.

Alıştırma 6 Cevap Anahtarı

1. to2. in3. of4. about5. of6. of7. to8. about9. with / at10. about11. at / by12. of / about13. to14. at15. of16. with / in17. from18. of19. with20. to21. of22. on23. to24. to25. of26. of27. of28. with29. of30. to

4. Bölüm

Verb + Preposition

Bazı fiiller belirli preposition’larla birlikte kullanılır. Fiil, preposition ile birlikte öğrenildiğinde anlam netleşir.

Preposition’dan sonra fiil gelirse fiil -ing alır.

She insisted on coming with us.Bizimle gelmekte ısrar etti.

He succeeded in passing the exam.Sınavı geçmeyi başardı.

They prevented him from entering the room.Onun odaya girmesini engellediler.

ON ile kullanılan fiiller

agree on something, elaborate on, congratulate somebody on something, depend on, rely on, impose on, insist on, concentrate on / focus on, operate on, comment on, plan on doing something, spend on

OF ile kullanılan fiiller

accuse somebody of something, dispose of, approve of, die of, complain of, dream of, inform somebody of, consist of, remind somebody of something, think of, hear of, relieve somebody of something

FOR ile kullanılan fiiller

blame somebody for something, ask somebody for something, request something, head for somewhere, die for my country, beg for something, search for / look for, long for, account for, provide something for somebody, pay for something, care for

WITH ile kullanılan fiiller

agree with a person / opinion, collide with, argue with somebody about something, identify with, fight / struggle with, interact with, interfere with, coincide with, speak with, quarrel with, combine with, comply with, share something with somebody, threaten somebody with something

TO ile kullanılan fiiller

apologise to somebody for something, belong to, appeal to, explain something to somebody, attach to, listen to, lead to, refer to, point to, resort to, adjust to, submit to, subscribe to

INTO ile kullanılan fiiller

enter into an agreement, crash into, force somebody into something, divide into, inject into, translate into, transform into

IN ile kullanılan fiiller

enroll in, believe in, interfere in, invest in, participate in, persist in, result in, take part in, succeed in, specialize in

FROM / ABOUT / AT / AGAINST ile kullanılan fiiller

emerge from, derive from, prevent from, protect from, suffer from, hear from, resign from; dream about, care about, think about, warn about; laugh at, stare at, shout at; protect against, warn against

Dikkat Edilmesi Gereken Yapılar

Yapı	Anlam	Örnek
talk about	bir konu hakkında konuşmak	We talked about the company’s future.
speak with	biriyle konuşmak	I need to speak with the manager.
hear of	adını duymak	I have heard of this writer before.
hear about	hakkında bilgi duymak	I heard about your new job.
hear from	birinden haber almak	I haven’t heard from my cousin for a long time.
result in	sonucunda ... olmak	Careless driving can result in an accident.
result from	-den kaynaklanmak	The accident resulted from careless driving.
warn about	bir tehlike hakkında uyarmak	They warned us about the storm.
warn against	bir şeyi yapmaması için uyarmak	They warned us against going out in the storm.
think of	aklına gelmek / fikir üretmek	I can’t think of his name.
think about	bir konu üzerinde düşünmek	I’m thinking about changing my job.

Alıştırma 7Verb + preposition

Some people believe ______ ghosts, and they are really afraid of them.
I’ve just heard ______ Sena’s decision on the job offer.
The students succeeded ______ completing the experiment.
Denis Tito is an American businessman who became the first person to pay ______ his own trip into space.
In a forest, some animals depend ______ other animals to survive.
Berna said that she was planning to focus ______ her future and her career.
Are you listening ______ me? I’m telling you something.
Henry insisted ______ going to the football match.
Do you know who this car belongs ______?
The manager agrees ______ me ______ the idea of buying new computers for the office.
Peter’s careless driving resulted ______ a very bad accident.
Don’t spend your time ______ such useless activities.
We talked ______ the company’s future in the meeting.
Don’t worry ______ me! I’ll take care of myself.
Nobody cares ______ the environment and keeps ______ throwing rubbish everywhere.
Air consists ______ carbon dioxide, oxygen and nitrogen.

Alıştırma 7 Cevap Anahtarı

1. in2. about3. in4. for5. on6. on7. to8. on9. to10. with / about11. in12. on13. about14. about15. about / on16. of

Alıştırma 8Verb + preposition

If you try hard, you can succeed ______ reaching your goals.
I have always dreamed ______ becoming successful.
I need to concentrate ______ studying for my final exam.
I don’t want to argue ______ anyone ______ this situation.
I think we all long ______ having a better life.
I am looking forward ______ being offered the job as the executive manager of the company.
Don’t worry ______ your kids.
Most of the girls believe ______ astrology.
I feel guilty ______ spending so much money for my hair.
My friend blamed me ______ leaving her alone.
My father warned me ______ smoking.
I wouldn’t object ______ using my real name on a forum.
Sometimes, I think ______ changing my neighbourhood.
I care ______ making a difference in this world.
No one can accuse me ______ being lazy.
My family congratulated me ______ being promoted.

Alıştırma 8 Cevap Anahtarı

1. in2. of / about3. on4. with / about5. for6. to7. about8. in9. about10. for11. against12. to13. about14. about15. of16. on